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Volume 24-Issue1-2015-VERCRUYSSEN

Collaborative Recommender System Development with
Ubiquitous Computing Capability for Risk Awareness*

Nick VERCRUYSSEN1, Cosmin TOMOZEI2, Iulian FURDU2,
Simona VARLAN2, Cristian AMANCEI3

1 ISSCO – International Software Solutions,
Bacău, Romania
nick.vercruyssen@issco.ro
2 “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau,
Bacău, Romania
cosmin.tomozei@ub.ro
3 Bucharest University of Economic Studies,
Bucharest, Romania
cristian.amancei@ie.ase.ro

Abstract: This paper outlines the architecture prototyping and development of ubiquitous computing for recommender systems in case of risk, with mobile and geographical capabilities based on collaborative and knowledge-based filtering approaches. Heterogeneous types of strategies developed towards minimizing risks occurrence effects are applied so as to efficiently allocate the efforts for reliable software development. A novel technique to improve risk assessment and validation at the time of event announcement involving risk type, risk severity level, users trust level, and users location is described and implemented within a dedicated mobile GIS recommender system for risk-awareness. The main purpose of research is to enhance the process of consolidation of the development cycle of GIS applications for early community risk-awareness.

Keywords: Collaborative filtering, Recommender Systems, GIS, Risk management.

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CITE THIS PAPER AS:
Nick VERCRUYSSEN, Cosmin TOMOZEI, Iulian FURDU, Simona VARLAN, Cristian AMANCEI, Collaborative Recommender System Development with Ubiquitous Computing Capability for Risk Awareness, Studies in Informatics and Control, ISSN 1220-1766, vol. 24 (1), pp. 91-100, 2015. https://doi.org/10.24846/v24i1y201510

  1. Introduction

Mobile and ubiquitous computing devices are endowed with multimedia capabilities for the geospatial information processing. Information packages are sent by the members of the community to each other or to the authorities and include the geo-coordinate, with the appropriate accuracy, photos from the risk areas and data captured by means of the device sensors. To reduce the effects of the identified risk, geospatial data is processed and added on specific layers by means of classes of objects in recommendation packages for the other members of the community. Furthermore, the cross platform facility of ArcGIS Runtime SDK is implemented for Windows Phone, iOS and Android being available to all community members that actually have a smartphone or a tablet. Mapping functions and geocoding of locations is implemented as well, in order to sustain the spatial risk analysis. Taking into consideration different types of risk notification recipients in the community and the potential increased volume of information packages during alert notifications, the most relevant chronological order of priority is utilized for actual delivery of messages.

Simultaneously, the potential delay is proactively analysed, measured and optimized using initiation of extra cloud computing infrastructure in order to support the acute increase of system performance, within predefined limits.

For the optimization of user experience, a special type of interface design is required so as to overcome the restrictions generated by the size of screen. The user interface has a dual role, to assist the collaborative work for the announcement of a potential or a real observed risk and to automatically advise the community members, mainly from the risk area, in case of need. Trust and reputation is measured by weighted indicators. On the first basis, a small community is considered as target group and further development will expand on larger communities.

An imperative objective of recommender systems development is to look forward to the future generation of mobile oriented software, with a private cloud back-end approach, which has more precise and complex algorithms, large amounts of data, and large-scale data mining functionalities, so as to provide high-quality recommendations and advice to the users.

At least two main types of risks are to be managed by the recommender system, natural risks which arise from systems whose existence is beyond the human agent such as landslides, forest fires, floods, extreme weather, and risks derived from human activities, especially technological risks: pollution, severe accidental toxic emissions, explosions, fire, exposed electric wires or damaged gas pipelines. Traffic restrictions, temporarily closed roads or inadequate transport infrastructure can be easily managed and also different types of social risks such as violent and armed individuals are to be minimized. All these types of risks are first identified by common location and common time window as shared contextual information for the mobile recommender system.

Section 2 presents recent scientific achievements in the domain of mobile recommender systems MRS. A non-exhaustive list of popular mobile applications for natural and social risk management is also provided along with a brief description of each application. Section 3 describes the system requirements and architecture and section 4 presents aspects about the risk evaluation and validation of measures. Section 5 describes the ways data is processed and section 6 analyses the required infrastructure for the created mobile recommender system.

Next section tackles the integration with other data providers and last section summarizes the work.

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* This paper is based on two previous presentations at the Second International Conference on Natural and Anthropic Risks ICNAR 2014 with the titles Requirements Analysis and User Scenario for Mobile GIS Recommender Systems Development and Colmars – Collaborative Risk Awareness Recommender System Development with Ubiquitous Computing Capability.