Productivity and quality were 80's key success factors : today, they can not guaranty enterprise's permanence. Competitive enterprises are the ones which evolve with their environment. Different factors explain this need to evolve : age of infrastructures, pressure of the competition, impact of the development of the data-processing and telecommunications, market globalisation, employee cultural evolution, etc. The combination of these internal and external factors forces an enterprise, competitive at the instant t, to evolve and to change in order to remain competitive at the instant t+ I. Whatever the rank of an enterprise, it is not definitive.
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